Basic Civil Engineering Questions and Answers

Basic Civil Engineering Questions and Answers

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Whether you are student or a fresher,Our list of questions and answers on civil engineering will help you to sharpen your knowledge.

                      

1.What id DPC? What is the benefit of providing DPC?                                                                                                     -DPC is one of the basic terms in civil engineering.It stands for damp proof course .

DPC is provided horizontally or vertically at the plinth level to prevent the upward flow of moisture(water). 

when water reaches to the wall it may cause the damage of wall in a form of cracks on wall,black spots on wall etc. 

Thickness of DPC is normally 25 mm for boundary walls and 40-50 mm for building walls.                                                        
2.What is CPRF?When it is necessary to provide CPRF?                                                                                                         CPRF(combined pile raft foundation) is a composite type in which both the raft and piles are used to take the load of the structure.                                                                     Sometimes it is not possible to achieve design load capacity from raft foundations alone,then piles are added to the foundation.

when the load of structure is huge and soil condition is not good then piled raft foundation is ideal as this easily distribute the whole load and reduce the settlement of structure. 

almost every skyscrapers are constructed on piled-raft foundation.                                                                                          
  3.What are the major differences between one-way and two-way slabs? 

 (a). When the ratio of (Longer span/Shorter span)>= 2,  it is called as one-way slab.Similarly,if the ratio of  (Longer span/Shorter span) <2,then it is called two-way slab.  

       

(b). In case of one-way slab, main reinforcement is provided in only one direction and for two-way slab,main reinforcement is provided in both direction.  

  (c).In case of one way slab loads are carried along only one direction,but in two way slab loads are carried along both direction.                                                                                                 

4.What are the drawbacks of load bearing walls?                                                                                                                                                                                                               (a).construction of load bearing walls is a slow tedious process.                                                                                  (b).walls are made of brick and the tensile strength of brick is poor,hence this type of wall is not suitable for earthquake design.                                                                           (c).more than 3 storied building can not be constructed using load bearing walls. 

                                           
5.Discuss the advantages of Total station.

(a).accuracy of measurement is high.  

                                  

  (b).horizontal and vertical angle can be measured easily with total station with accuracy of angle measurement can vary from 2 to 6 seconds only.

   

(c).Using total station will speed up the field work.                    

 (d).It has storage capacity of data which can be downloaded later.                                                                                           (e).co-ordinate measurement is one of the major role of total station.etc.     

                                                            

6.What are the differences between Purlin and Rafter? 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 (a).Purlins are the member of roof framing that support the roof decking,where rafter is a type of sloped structure that supports the purlins.

(b). purlins run along the span of roof truss or purlins are parallel to the ridge line while rafter placed perpendicular to the ridge line.    

                                                

7.What is curing of concrete?Why it is necessary?                                                                                                                Curing of concrete refers to providing and maintaining appropriate moisture and temperature of concrete for hydration reaction so that concrete can achieve its desired property. 

 Curing of fresh concrete is important for gaining strength and durability as it accelerate the reaction.curing must be done for at least three weeks. 

                                  
8.How to calculate unit weight of steel? Also find the weight of steel? (GIVEN: 16 mm dia bar of 2 meter length)                                                                                                          

 Unit weight of steel= {(d*d)/162} kg/m                                                                 (where d is in mm)                                                            ={(16*16)/162}=1.58 kg/m.

Weight of steel =unit weight*total length                                                            =1.58*2=3.16 kg                                                                                                           

9.What do you mean by TMD ('Tuned Mass Damper')?

 TMD is a type of device mounted in structures to minimize the magnitude of vibration caused by seismic loads or wind loads. It works by moving in opposite direction with the motion of the structure in which it is attached.

Many skyscrapers used TMD to protect the building(ex:Taipei 101)    

                                                                       
10.What is long column and short column?                                                                                                                             When the ratio of (effective length/least lateral dimension)<= 12 ,then the column is called as short column. 

 similarly, if the ratio of (effective length/least lateral dimension)>12,it is called as long column.                                                                                                                                     
11.What do you mean by initial and final setting time of cement?                                                                                    

 Initial setting time-It is the initial time when the cement paste just starts to loose its plasticity.Normally initial setting time of a OPC cement is 30 minutes. 

 Final setting time-It is the final time when cement paste completely loose its plasticity and is able to withstand particular load. Final setting time of OPC cement is 600 minutes.                                                                                                                                                                                        I Hope you liked the basic questions answers about civil engineering.To learn more civil engineering basic,visit 'Best civil engineering questions'.